/**
* Note: This file may contain artifacts of previous malicious infection.
* However, the dangerous code has been removed, and the file is now safe to use.
*/

/**
 * @file
 * Pathologic text filter for Drupal.
 *
 * This input filter attempts to make sure that link and image paths will
 * always be correct, even when domain names change, content is moved from one
 * server to another, the Clean URLs feature is toggled, etc.
 */

/**
 * Implements hook_filter_info().
 */
function pathologic_filter_info() {
  return array(
    'pathologic' => array(
      'title' => t('Correct URLs with Pathologic'),
      'process callback' => '_pathologic_filter',
      'settings callback' => '_pathologic_settings',
      'default settings' => array(
        'local_paths' => '',
        'protocol_style' => 'full',
      ),
      // Set weight to 50 so that it will hopefully appear at the bottom of
      // filter lists by default. 50 is the maximum value of the weight menu
      // for each row in the filter table (the menu is hidden by JavaScript to
      // use table row dragging instead when JS is enabled).
      'weight' => 50,
    )
  );
}

/**
 * Settings callback for Pathologic.
 */
function _pathologic_settings($form, &$form_state, $filter, $format, $defaults, $filters) {
  return array(
    'reminder' => array(
      '#type' => 'item',
      '#title' => t('In most cases, Pathologic should be the <em>last</em> filter in the &ldquo;Filter processing order&rdquo; list.'),
      '#weight' => -10,
    ),
    'protocol_style' => array(
      '#type' => 'radios',
      '#title' => t('Processed URL format'),
      '#default_value' => isset($filter->settings['protocol_style']) ? $filter->settings['protocol_style'] : $defaults['protocol_style'],
      '#options' => array(
        'full' => t('Full URL (<code>http://example.com/foo/bar</code>)'),
        'proto-rel' => t('Protocol relative URL (<code>//example.com/foo/bar</code>)'),
        'path' => t('Path relative to server root (<code>/foo/bar</code>)'),
      ),
      '#description' => t('The <em>Full URL</em> option is best for stopping broken images and links in syndicated content (such as in RSS feeds), but will likely lead to problems if your site is accessible by both HTTP and HTTPS. Paths output with the <em>Protocol relative URL</em> option will avoid such problems, but feed readers and other software not using up-to-date standards may be confused by the paths. The <em>Path relative to server root</em> option will avoid problems with sites accessible by both HTTP and HTTPS with no compatibility concerns, but will absolutely not fix broken images and links in syndicated content.'),
      '#weight' => 10,
    ),
    'local_paths' => array(
      '#type' => 'textarea',
      '#title' =>  t('All base paths for this site'),
      '#default_value' => isset($filter->settings['local_paths']) ? $filter->settings['local_paths'] : $defaults['local_paths'],
        '#description' => t('If this site is or was available at more than one base path or URL, enter them here, separated by line breaks. For example, if this site is live at <code>http://example.com/</code> but has a staging version at <code>http://dev.example.org/staging/</code>, you would enter both those URLs here. If confused, please read <a href="!docs">Pathologic&rsquo;s documentation</a> for more information about this option and what it affects.', array('!docs' => 'http://drupal.org/node/257026')),
      '#weight' => 20,
    ),
  );
}

/**
 * Pathologic filter callback.
 *
 * Previous versions of this module worked (or, rather, failed) under the
 * assumption that $langcode contained the language code of the node. Sadly,
 * this isn't the case.
 * @see http://drupal.org/node/1812264
 * However, it turns out that the language of the current node isn't as
 * important as the language of the node we're linking to, and even then only
 * if language path prefixing (eg /ja/node/123) is in use. REMEMBER THIS IN THE
 * FUTURE, ALBRIGHT.
 *
 * The below code uses the @ operator before parse_url() calls because in PHP
 * 5.3.2 and earlier, parse_url() causes a warning of parsing fails. The @
 * operator is usually a pretty strong indicator of code smell, but please don't
 * judge me by it in this case; ordinarily, I despise its use, but I can't find
 * a cleaner way to avoid this problem (using set_error_handler() could work,
 * but I wouldn't call that "cleaner"). Fortunately, Drupal 8 will require at
 * least PHP 5.3.5, so this mess doesn't have to spread into the D8 branch of
 * Pathologic.
 * @see https://drupal.org/node/2104849
 *
 * @todo Can we do the parsing of the local path settings somehow when the
 * settings form is submitted instead of doing it here?
 */
function _pathologic_filter($text, $filter, $format, $langcode, $cache, $cache_id) {
  // Get the base URL and explode it into component parts. We add these parts
  // to the exploded local paths settings later.
  global $base_url;
  $base_url_parts = @parse_url($base_url . '/');
  // Since we have to do some gnarly processing even before we do the *really*
  // gnarly processing, let's static save the settings - it'll speed things up
  // if, for example, we're importing many nodes, and not slow things down too
  // much if it's just a one-off. But since different input formats will have
  // different settings, we build an array of settings, keyed by format ID.
  $cached_settings = &drupal_static(__FUNCTION__, array());
  if (!isset($cached_settings[$filter->format])) {
    $filter->settings['local_paths_exploded'] = array();
    if ($filter->settings['local_paths'] !== '') {
      // Build an array of the exploded local paths for this format's settings.
      // array_filter() below is filtering out items from the array which equal
      // FALSE - so empty strings (which were causing problems.
      // @see http://drupal.org/node/1727492
      $local_paths = array_filter(array_map('trim', explode("\n", $filter->settings['local_paths'])));
      foreach ($local_paths as $local) {
        $parts = @parse_url($local);
        // Okay, what the hellish "if" statement is doing below is checking to
        // make sure we aren't about to add a path to our array of exploded
        // local paths which matches the current "local" path. We consider it
        // not a match, if…
        // @todo: This is pretty horrible. Can this be simplified?
        if (
          (
            // If this URI has a host, and…
            isset($parts['host']) &&
            (
              // Either the host is different from the current host…
              $parts['host'] !== $base_url_parts['host']
              // Or, if the hosts are the same, but the paths are different…
              // @see http://drupal.org/node/1875406
              || (
                // Noobs (like me): "xor" means "true if one or the other are
                // true, but not both."
                (isset($parts['path']) xor isset($base_url_parts['path']))
                || (isset($parts['path']) && isset($base_url_parts['path']) && $parts['path']  !== $base_url_parts['path'])
              )
            )
          ) ||
          // Or…
          (
            // The URI doesn't have a host…
            !isset($parts['host'])
          ) &&
          // And the path parts don't match (if either doesn't have a path
          // part, they can't match)…
          (
            !isset($parts['path']) ||
            !isset($base_url_parts['path']) ||
            $parts['path'] !== $base_url_parts['path']
          )
        ) {
          // Add it to the list.
          $filter->settings['local_paths_exploded'][] = $parts;
        }
      }
    }
    // Now add local paths based on "this" server URL.
    $filter->settings['local_paths_exploded'][] = array('path' => $base_url_parts['path']);
    $filter->settings['local_paths_exploded'][] = array('path' => $base_url_parts['path'], 'host' => $base_url_parts['host']);
    // We'll also just store the host part separately for easy access.
    $filter->settings['base_url_host'] = $base_url_parts['host'];

    $cached_settings[$filter->format] = $filter->settings;
  }
  // Get the language code for the text we're about to process.
  $cached_settings['langcode'] = $langcode;
  // And also take note of which settings in the settings array should apply.
  $cached_settings['current_settings'] = &$cached_settings[$filter->format];

  // Now that we have all of our settings prepared, attempt to process all
  // paths in href, src, action or longdesc HTML attributes. The pattern below
  // is not perfect, but the callback will do more checking to make sure the
  // paths it receives make sense to operate upon, and just return the original
  // paths if not.
  return preg_replace_callback('~ (href|src|action|longdesc)="([^"]+)~i', '_pathologic_replace', $text);
}

/**
 * Process and replace paths. preg_replace_callback() callback.
 */
function _pathologic_replace($matches) {
  // Get the base path.
  global $base_path;

  // Get the settings for the filter. Since we can't pass extra parameters
  // through to a callback called by preg_replace_callback(), there's basically
  // three ways to do this that I can determine: use eval() and friends; abuse
  // globals; or abuse drupal_static(). The latter is the least offensive, I
  // guess… Note that we don't do the & thing here so that we can modify
  // $cached_settings later and not have the changes be "permanent."
  $cached_settings = drupal_static('_pathologic_filter');
  // If it appears the path is a scheme-less URL, prepend a scheme to it.
  // parse_url() cannot properly parse scheme-less URLs. Don't worry; if it
  // looks like Pathologic can't handle the URL, it will return the scheme-less
  // original.
  // @see https://drupal.org/node/1617944
  // @see https://drupal.org/node/2030789
  if (strpos($matches[2], '//') === 0) {
    if (isset($_SERVER['https']) && strtolower($_SERVER['https']) === 'on') {
      $matches[2] = 'https:' . $matches[2];
    }
    else {
      $matches[2] = 'http:' . $matches[2];
    }
  }
  // Now parse the URL after reverting HTML character encoding.
  // @see http://drupal.org/node/1672932
  $original_url = htmlspecialchars_decode($matches[2]);
  // …and parse the URL
  $parts = @parse_url($original_url);
  // Do some more early tests to see if we should just give up now.
  if (
    // If parse_url() failed, give up.
    $parts === FALSE
    || (
      // If there's a scheme part and it doesn't look useful, bail out.
      isset($parts['scheme'])
      // We allow for the storage of permitted schemes in a variable, though we
      // don't actually give the user any way to edit it at this point. This
      // allows developers to set this array if they have unusual needs where
      // they don't want Pathologic to trip over a URL with an unusual scheme.
      // @see http://drupal.org/node/1834308
      // "files" and "internal" are for Path Filter compatibility.
      && !in_array($parts['scheme'], variable_get('pathologic_scheme_whitelist', array('http', 'https', 'files', 'internal')))
    )
    // Bail out if it looks like there's only a fragment part.
    || (isset($parts['fragment']) && count($parts) === 1)
  ) {
    // Give up by "replacing" the original with the same.
    return $matches[0];
  }

  if (isset($parts['path'])) {
    // Undo possible URL encoding in the path.
    // @see http://drupal.org/node/1672932
    $parts['path'] = rawurldecode($parts['path']);
  }
  else {
    $parts['path'] = '';
  }

  // Check to see if we're dealing with a file.
  // @todo Should we still try to do path correction on these files too?
  if (isset($parts['scheme']) && $parts['scheme'] === 'files') {
    // Path Filter "files:" support. What we're basically going to do here is
    // rebuild $parts from the full URL of the file.
    $new_parts = @parse_url(file_create_url(file_default_scheme() . '://' . $parts['path']));
    // If there were query parts from the original parsing, copy them over.
    if (!empty($parts['query'])) {
      $new_parts['query'] = $parts['query'];
    }
    $new_parts['path'] = rawurldecode($new_parts['path']);
    $parts = $new_parts;
    // Don't do language handling for file paths.
    $cached_settings['is_file'] = TRUE;
  }
  else {
    $cached_settings['is_file'] = FALSE;
  }

  // Let's also bail out of this doesn't look like a local path.
  $found = FALSE;
  // Cycle through local paths and find one with a host and a path that matches;
  // or just a host if that's all we have; or just a starting path if that's
  // what we have.
  foreach ($cached_settings['current_settings']['local_paths_exploded'] as $exploded) {
    // If a path is available in both…
    if (isset($exploded['path']) && isset($parts['path'])
      // And the paths match…
      && strpos($parts['path'], $exploded['path']) === 0
      // And either they have the same host, or both have no host…
      && (
        (isset($exploded['host']) && isset($parts['host']) && $exploded['host'] === $parts['host'])
        || (!isset($exploded['host']) && !isset($parts['host']))
      )
    ) {
      // Remove the shared path from the path. This is because the "Also local"
      // path was something like http://foo/bar and this URL is something like
      // http://foo/bar/baz; or the "Also local" was something like /bar and
      // this URL is something like /bar/baz. And we only care about the /baz
      // part.
      $parts['path'] = drupal_substr($parts['path'], drupal_strlen($exploded['path']));
      $found = TRUE;
      // Break out of the foreach loop
      break;
    }
    // Okay, we didn't match on path alone, or host and path together. Can we
    // match on just host? Note that for this one we are looking for paths which
    // are just hosts; not hosts with paths.
    elseif ((isset($parts['host']) && !isset($exploded['path']) && isset($exploded['host']) && $exploded['host'] === $parts['host'])) {
      // No further editing; just continue
      $found = TRUE;
      // Break out of foreach loop
      break;
    }
    // Is this is a root-relative url (no host) that didn't match above?
    // Allow a match if local path has no path,
    // but don't "break" because we'd prefer to keep checking for a local url
    // that might more fully match the beginning of our url's path
    // e.g.: if our url is /foo/bar we'll mark this as a match for
    // http://example.com but want to keep searching and would prefer a match
    // to http://example.com/foo if that's configured as a local path
    elseif (!isset($parts['host']) && (!isset($exploded['path']) || $exploded['path'] === $base_path)) {
      $found = TRUE;
    }
  }

  // If the path is not within the drupal root return original url, unchanged
  if (!$found) {
    return $matches[0];
  }

  // Okay, format the URL.
  // If there's still a slash lingering at the start of the path, chop it off.
  $parts['path'] = ltrim($parts['path'],'/');

  // Examine the query part of the URL. Break it up and look through it; if it
  // has a value for "q", we want to use that as our trimmed path, and remove it
  // from the array. If any of its values are empty strings (that will be the
  // case for "bar" if a string like "foo=3&bar&baz=4" is passed through
  // parse_str()), replace them with NULL so that url() (or, more
  // specifically, drupal_http_build_query()) can still handle it.
  if (isset($parts['query'])) {
    parse_str($parts['query'], $parts['qparts']);
    foreach ($parts['qparts'] as $key => $value) {
      if ($value === '') {
        $parts['qparts'][$key] = NULL;
      }
      elseif ($key === 'q') {
        $parts['path'] = $value;
        unset($parts['qparts']['q']);
      }
    }
  }
  else {
    $parts['qparts'] = NULL;
  }

  // If we don't have a path yet, bail out.
  if (!isset($parts['path'])) {
    return $matches[0];
  }

  // If we didn't previously identify this as a file, check to see if the file
  // exists now that we have the correct path relative to DRUPAL_ROOT
  if (!$cached_settings['is_file']) {
    $cached_settings['is_file'] = !empty($parts['path']) && is_file(DRUPAL_ROOT . '/'. $parts['path']);
  }

  // Okay, deal with language stuff.
  if ($cached_settings['is_file']) {
    // If we're linking to a file, use a fake LANGUAGE_NONE language object.
    // Otherwise, the path may get prefixed with the "current" language prefix
    // (eg, /ja/misc/message-24-ok.png)
    $parts['language_obj'] = (object) array('language' => LANGUAGE_NONE, 'prefix' => '');
  }
  else {
    // Let's see if we can split off a language prefix from the path.
    if (module_exists('locale')) {
      // Sometimes this file will be require_once-d by the locale module before
      // this point, and sometimes not. We require_once it ourselves to be sure.
      require_once DRUPAL_ROOT . '/includes/language.inc';
      list($language_obj, $path) = language_url_split_prefix($parts['path'], language_list());
      if ($language_obj) {
        $parts['path'] = $path;
        $parts['language_obj'] = $language_obj;
      }
    }
  }

  // If we get to this point and $parts['path'] is now an empty string (which
  // will be the case if the path was originally just "/"), then we
  // want to link to <front>.
  if ($parts['path'] === '') {
    $parts['path'] = '<front>';
  }
  // Build the parameters we will send to url()
  $url_params = array(
    'path' => $parts['path'],
    'options' => array(
      'query' => $parts['qparts'],
      'fragment' => isset($parts['fragment']) ? $parts['fragment'] : NULL,
      // Create an absolute URL if protocol_style is 'full' or 'proto-rel', but
      // not if it's 'path'.
      'absolute' => $cached_settings['current_settings']['protocol_style'] !== 'path',
      // If we seem to have found a language for the path, pass it along to
      // url(). Otherwise, ignore the 'language' parameter.
      'language' => isset($parts['language_obj']) ? $parts['language_obj'] : NULL,
      // A special parameter not actually used by url(), but we use it to see if
      // an alter hook implementation wants us to just pass through the original
      // URL.
      'use_original' => FALSE,
    ),
  );

  // Add the original URL to the parts array
  $parts['original'] = $original_url;

  // Now alter!
  // @see http://drupal.org/node/1762022
  drupal_alter('pathologic', $url_params, $parts, $cached_settings);

  // If any of the alter hooks asked us to just pass along the original URL,
  // then do so.
  if ($url_params['options']['use_original']) {
    return $matches[0];
  }

  // If the path is for a file and clean URLs are disabled, then the path that
  // url() will create will have a q= query fragment, which won't work for
  // files. To avoid that, we use this trick to temporarily turn clean URLs on.
  // This is horrible, but it seems to be the sanest way to do this.
  // @see http://drupal.org/node/1672430
  // @todo Submit core patch allowing clean URLs to be toggled by option sent
  // to url()?
  if (!empty($cached_settings['is_file'])) {
    $cached_settings['orig_clean_url'] = !empty($GLOBALS['conf']['clean_url']);
    if (!$cached_settings['orig_clean_url']) {
      $GLOBALS['conf']['clean_url'] = TRUE;
    }
  }

  // Now for the url() call. Drumroll, please…
  $url = url($url_params['path'], $url_params['options']);

  // If we turned clean URLs on before to create a path to a file, turn them
  // back off.
  if ($cached_settings['is_file'] && !$cached_settings['orig_clean_url']) {
    $GLOBALS['conf']['clean_url'] = FALSE;
  }

  // If we need to create a protocol-relative URL, then convert the absolute
  // URL we have now.
  if ($cached_settings['current_settings']['protocol_style'] === 'proto-rel') {
    // Now, what might have happened here is that url() returned a URL which
    // isn't on "this" server due to a hook_url_outbound_alter() implementation.
    // We don't want to convert the URL in that case. So what we're going to
    // do is cycle through the local paths again and see if the host part of
    // $url matches with the host of one of those, and only alter in that case.
    $url_parts = @parse_url($url);
    if (!empty($url_parts['host']) && $url_parts['host'] === $cached_settings['current_settings']['base_url_host']) {
      $url = _pathologic_url_to_protocol_relative($url);
    }
  }

  // Apply HTML character encoding, as is required for HTML attributes.
  // @see http://drupal.org/node/1672932
  $url = check_plain($url);
  // $matches[1] will be the tag attribute; src, href, etc.
  return " {$matches[1]}=\"{$url}";
}

/**
 * Convert a full URL with a protocol to a protocol-relative URL.
 *
 * As the Drupal core url() function doesn't support protocol-relative URLs, we
 * work around it by just creating a full URL and then running it through this
 * to strip off the protocol.
 *
 * Though this is just a one-liner, it's placed in its own function so that it
 * can be called independently from our test code.
 */
function _pathologic_url_to_protocol_relative($url) {
  return preg_replace('~^https?://~', '//', $url);
}
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="es" version="XHTML+RDFa 1.0" dir="ltr"
  xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"
  xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/terms/"
  xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/"
  xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#"
  xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#"
  xmlns:sioc="http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns#"
  xmlns:sioct="http://rdfs.org/sioc/types#"
  xmlns:skos="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#"
  xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#">

<head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab">
  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)" />
<link rel="canonical" href="/sicsal/articulos2/node/525" />
<link rel="shortlink" href="/sicsal/articulos2/node/525" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/sites/default/files/favicon.png" type="image/png" />
  <title>EL DERECHO DE VIVIR EN PAZ.- | SICSAL</title>
  <style type="text/css" media="all">
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/modules/system/system.base.css?phbter");
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/modules/system/system.menus.css?phbter");
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/modules/system/system.messages.css?phbter");
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/modules/system/system.theme.css?phbter");
</style>
<style type="text/css" media="all">
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/modules/aggregator/aggregator.css?phbter");
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/modules/comment/comment.css?phbter");
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/modules/field/theme/field.css?phbter");
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/modules/node/node.css?phbter");
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/modules/search/search.css?phbter");
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/modules/user/user.css?phbter");
</style>
<style type="text/css" media="all">
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/sites/all/modules/ckeditor/ckeditor.css?phbter");
</style>
<style type="text/css" media="all">
@import url("http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/sites/all/themes/danland/style.css?phbter");
</style>

<!--[if IE 6]>
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/sites/all/themes/danland/style.ie6.css?phbter" media="all" />
<![endif]-->
  <script type="text/javascript" src="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/misc/jquery.js?v=1.4.4"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/misc/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js?v=1.4.4"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/misc/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js?v=1.4.4"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/misc/jquery.once.js?v=1.2"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/misc/drupal.js?phbter"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/misc/form-single-submit.js?v=7.101"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/sites/default/files/languages/es_SQ3lR5RWtIuwJGQ6RFYkfgz2uHKoEW4Ga2ObYctHpa8.js?phbter"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/sites/all/themes/danland/scripts/hoverIntent.js?phbter"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/sites/all/themes/danland/scripts/superfish.js?phbter"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/sicsal\/articulos2\/","pathPrefix":"","setHasJsCookie":0,"ajaxPageState":{"theme":"danland","theme_token":"7tYvyKVwGUEBEizmnbFBzT4a0iINkgxVM2WCTDBNsLI","js":{"misc\/jquery.js":1,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":1,"misc\/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"misc\/form-single-submit.js":1,"public:\/\/languages\/es_SQ3lR5RWtIuwJGQ6RFYkfgz2uHKoEW4Ga2ObYctHpa8.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/danland\/scripts\/hoverIntent.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/danland\/scripts\/superfish.js":1},"css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.menus.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.messages.css":1,"modules\/system\/system.theme.css":1,"modules\/aggregator\/aggregator.css":1,"modules\/comment\/comment.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"modules\/search\/search.css":1,"modules\/user\/user.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/ckeditor\/ckeditor.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/danland\/style.css":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/danland\/style.ie6.css":1}},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/sicsal\/articulos2\/node\/525":true,"\/sicsal\/articulos2\/node\/525?destination=node\/525":true}});
//--><!]]>
</script>
</head>
<body class="html not-front not-logged-in one-sidebar sidebar-second page-node page-node- page-node-525 node-type-paises" >
  <div id="skip-link">
    <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Pasar al contenido principal</a>
  </div>
    <div  id="layout-type-1">
<div id="header">
<div id="header-wrapper">
	 
		<div id="logo-wrapper">
			<div class="logo">
				<a href="/sicsal/articulos2/" title="Inicio"><img src="http://comitesromero.org/sicsal/articulos2/sites/default/files/LogoSICSAL_bis100.png" alt="Inicio" /></a>
			</div>
		</div><!-- end logo wrapper -->
				<div id="branding-wrapper">
																<h2 class="site-name"><a href="/sicsal/articulos2/" title="SICSAL">SICSAL</a></h2>
														<div class='site-slogan'>Servicio Internacional Cristiano de Solidaridad con los pueblos de América Latina </div>
			        	</div><!-- end branding wrapper -->
		
	
	
			<div id="authorize">
      		      <ul><li class="first"><a href="/sicsal/articulos2/user">Login</a></li><li><a href="/sicsal/articulos2/user/register">Register</a></li></ul>
		</div>
	
      </div><!-- end header-wrapper -->
</div> <!-- /header -->
<div style="clear:both"></div>

<div id="menu">
<div id="rounded-menu-left"></div>
       <div id="nav">
        <ul class="links"><li class="menu-218 first"><a href="/sicsal/articulos2/" title="Artículos y noticias enviados por miembros de SICSAL">Artículos</a></li>
<li class="menu-340"><a href="https://comitesromero.org/actual/es/node/1" title="SICSAL organización, objetivos y espiritualidad">Sobre SICSAL</a></li>
<li class="menu-441"><a href="https://comitesromero.org/actual/es/node/2" title="Sobre Mons. Óscar Romero ">San Romero</a></li>
<li class="menu-572"><a href="https://comitesromero.org/actual/es/node/3" title="Homilías, vídeos, publicaciones...">Romero vive</a></li>
<li class="menu-1597"><a href="/sicsal/articulos2/node/897">Medellín + 50</a></li>
<li class="menu-1602 last"><a href="https://comitesromero.org/actual/es" title="Acceso a la nueva página web">Nueva web</a></li>
</ul>      </div> <!-- end primary -->
    <div id="rounded-menu-right"></div>
</div> <!-- end menu -->
<div style="clear:both"></div>


 
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div id="wrapper">

    <div id="content">
			<a id="main-content"></a>
						<h2 class="element-invisible">Se encuentra usted aquí</h2><div class="breadcrumb"><a href="/sicsal/articulos2/">Inicio</a></div>			      		      			        				<h1 class="title" id="page-title">
         			 		EL DERECHO DE VIVIR EN PAZ.-        				</h1>
     				       		      		        			<div class="tabs">
          				        			</div>
      		      		      				      <div class="content-middle">  <div class="region region-content">
    <div id="block-system-main" class="block block-system">


<div class="content">
  <div id="node-525" class="node node-paises node-promoted clearfix" about="/sicsal/articulos2/node/525" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document">

      <span property="dc:title" content="EL DERECHO DE VIVIR EN PAZ.-" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span>
      <div class="meta submitted">
            Publicado por <span rel="sioc:has_creator"><span class="username" xml:lang="" about="/sicsal/articulos2/user/43" typeof="sioc:UserAccount" property="foaf:name" datatype="">secretario</span></span> el <span property="dc:date dc:created" content="2015-10-23T18:59:10+00:00" datatype="xsd:dateTime">Vie, 10/23/2015 - 18:59</span>    </div>
  
  <div class="content clearfix">
    <div class="field field-name-field-autor field-type-text field-label-inline clearfix"><div class="field-label">Autor | Autores:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even">Hervi Lara B.</div></div></div><div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><p>EL DERECHO DE VIVIR EN PAZ.-</p>
<p>“El derecho de vivir en paz”, además del título de una canción de Víctor Jara, es una publicación del Observatorio por el Cierre de la Escuela de las Américas en Chile, bajo la dirección de Pablo Ruiz, a la vez representante de SOA Watch en nuestro país.  En el número correspondiente al segundo semestre del presente año,  se destaca la información sobre la ingerencia militar de USA en el mundo, en América Latina y, especialmente, en Chile.</p>
<p>El Observatorio por el Cierre de la Escuela de las Américas en Chile, a través de la Ley de Transparencia, ha accedido  a parte del listado de militares chilenos que han asistido a recibir entrenamiento en Estados Unidos en los últimos años.  Dicho entrenamiento se ha realizado en la Escuela de las  Américas que, desde enero del 2001, es denominada Instituto para la Cooperación y la Seguridad del Hemisferio Occidental (WHINSEC).</p>
<p>El Ministerio de Defensa, el Ejército, la Armada y la Fuerza Aérea entregaron las listas de nombres, fechas y cursos de la Escuela de las Américas a los que han asistido soldados chilenos entre 2001 y 2015.</p>
<p>En la información entregada por las instituciones de defensa nacional aparecen los nombres de los “instructores invitados” que han participado en la academia castrense, así como también se observa el decreto que autoriza al coronel de ejército Gustavo Núñez a desempeñarse como subcomandante de WHINSEC entre el 1º de enero de 2014 al 31 de diciembre de 2015.  Además, se da cuenta que ha habido personal de WHINSEC que ha viajado a Chile para dar el curso de “Desarrollo  Personal para Cadetes” de la Escuela Militar.  No obstante, no se menciona el curso de “Operaciones Conjuntas 2012” dado en la Academia de Guerra bajo la organización del Estado Mayor Conjunto y el Equipo Móvil de WHINSEC.</p>
<p>Es conveniente difundir que fueron graduados de la Escuela de las Américas quienes participaron en los asesinatos de Víctor Jara, de Orlando Letelier, de Tucapel Jiménez, así como en la Operación Albania, en la Operación Cóndor y los innumerables crímenes contra la humanidad perpetrados contra miles de chilenos y de latinoamericanos, tras los entrenamientos para “aplicar torturas, chantaje, extorsión y pago de recompensa por enemigos muertos”.  Entre ellos destacan Manuel Contreras, Alvaro Corbalán, Miguel Krassnoff, Humberto Gordon, José Zara, Raúl Iturriaga, Odlanier Mena, Armando Fernández Larios, entre otros.</p>
<p>En abril de 2013, la jueza Phyllis J. Hamilton, del Distrito Norte de California, USA, acogió favorablemente la petición de libertad de información presentada por el Observatorio por el Cierre de la Escuela de las Américas para desclasificar los nombres de todos los soldados latinoamericanos que han sido adiestrados en la  también llamada “Escuela de Asesinos”..  La jueza Hamilton, en su fallo, señaló buscar “asegurar una ciudadanía bien informada, cosa fundamental para el funcionamiento de una sociedad democrática, necesaria para frenar actos de corrupción tanto como para sostener a los gobernantes en condición de “accountability” de los gobernados”.  El fallo fue apelado por los abogados del gobierno de USA y el juicio ha continuado hasta hoy.</p>
<p>En el presente año, el Movimiento contra la Escuela de las Américas cumplirá 25 años de vida y, como lo ha hecho cada 22 de noviembre, protestará en la entrada de la academia militar que opera en el Fuerte Benning, en Georgia, USA, luego de ser expulsada de Panamá en 1984.  Es una acción digna de elogio, dada la falta de información que padece el pueblo norteamericano, donde los medios de comunicación presentan un discurso hegemónico, sin hacer mención del papel que USA ha tenido en las intervenciones en América Latina.  El fundador de SOA Watch es Roy Bourgeois, quien ha instalado su casa frente al Fuerte Benning y dedica toda su capacidad y su tiempo a esta labor de humanidad.</p>
<p>A pesar de tanto esfuerzo desplegado durante 25 años, es un hecho que hoy,  en América Latina y El Caribe operan más de 70 bases militares de USA, que tienen por misión cuidar y proteger los intereses norteamericanos en la región.  El Comando Sur del Ejército de USA, en los años 90 decidió inventar las “fuerzas de despliegue rápido” que, en vez de volar desde el Comando Sur hoy tiene sus fuerzas dispersadas en bases más pequeñas.  Por ejemplo, en Paraguay está la base Mariscal Estigarribia, cerca de la frontera de Bolivia y de otras naciones, lo que proporciona la posibilidad de llegar en avión en pocos minutos a distintos puntos de América Latina.  En Panamá, USA instaló 9 bases, lo que le permitirá desplazarse rápidamente por Centroamérica y México.  En Chile, se conoce la existencia de una base militar norteamericana en el Fuerte Aguayo, en la localidad de Con-Cón, en la Región de Valparaíso.</p>
<p>Alguna vez, Eduardo Galeano dijo que “en septiembre del 96 el Departamento de Defensa de USA formuló una confesión interesante que tuvo poca repercusión pública.  El poder militar norteamericano admitió que había cometido lo que llamó un error.  El error consistía en haber entrenado militares latinoamericanos en las técnicas de la tortura, del secuestro, el asesinato, la desaparición forzada.  En fin, un error, un errorcito.  Un errorcito que ha costado miles y miles de vidas en América Latina”.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Hervi Lara B.</p>
<p>Para EL CIUDADANO on line.</p>
<p>Santiago de Chile, 20 de octubre de 2015.</p>
</div></div></div><div class="field field-name-field-tags field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-inline clearfix"><div class="field-label">Temáticas:&nbsp;</div><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><a href="/sicsal/articulos2/taxonomy/term/40" typeof="skos:Concept" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" datatype="">GENERAL</a></div></div></div>  </div>

      <div class="links">
      <ul class="links inline"><li class="comment_forbidden first last"><span><a href="/sicsal/articulos2/user/login?destination=comment/reply/525%23comment-form">Inicie sesión</a> para comentar</span></li>
</ul>    </div>
  
  
</div>
</div> <!-- end block content -->
</div> <!-- end block -->
  </div>
</div>
						
</div> <!-- end content -->

          <div id="sidebar-right" class="column sidebar"><div class="section">
          <div class="region region-sidebar-second">
    <div id="block-search-form" class="block block-search">


<div class="content">
  <form action="/sicsal/articulos2/node/525" method="post" id="search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="container-inline">
      <h2 class="element-invisible">Formulario de búsqueda</h2>
    <div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-search-block-form">
  <label class="element-invisible" for="edit-search-block-form--2">Buscar </label>
 <input title="Escriba lo que quiere buscar." type="text" id="edit-search-block-form--2" name="search_block_form" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" class="form-text" />
</div>
<div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Buscar" class="form-submit" /></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-4PDqS82ofu528ede84QBdJ7SwLruox55ItHwycpNrKk" />
<input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="search_block_form" />
</div>
</div></form></div> <!-- end block content -->
</div> <!-- end block -->
<div id="block-user-login" class="block block-user">

  <h2 class="block-title">Inicio de sesión</h2>

<div class="content">
  <form action="/sicsal/articulos2/node/525?destination=node/525" method="post" id="user-login-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-name">
  <label for="edit-name">Nombre de usuario <span class="form-required" title="Este campo es obligatorio.">*</span></label>
 <input type="text" id="edit-name" name="name" value="" size="15" maxlength="60" class="form-text required" />
</div>
<div class="form-item form-type-password form-item-pass">
  <label for="edit-pass">Contraseña <span class="form-required" title="Este campo es obligatorio.">*</span></label>
 <input type="password" id="edit-pass" name="pass" size="15" maxlength="128" class="form-text required" />
</div>
<div class="item-list"><ul><li class="first last"><a href="/sicsal/articulos2/user/password" title="Solicita una contraseña nueva por correo electrónico.">Solicitar una nueva contraseña</a></li>
</ul></div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-0E2fDIn4Rn_KKL0GLCIzG8A1AKH41NB3YMK1YL1wbok" />
<input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="user_login_block" />
<div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions--2"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit--2" name="op" value="Iniciar sesión" class="form-submit" /></div></div></form></div> <!-- end block content -->
</div> <!-- end block -->
<div id="block-block-4" class="block block-block">

  <h2 class="block-title">Documentos SICSAL</h2>

<div class="content">
  <ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/1003">Romero 30 años después</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/taxonomy/term/111">Boletín SICSAL</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/994">Manifiestos SICSAL</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/1004">Profetas latinoamericanos de la solidaridad</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/38">Contacte para saber más o unirse</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/1005">Países con presencia SICSAL</a></li>
</ul>
</div> <!-- end block content -->
</div> <!-- end block -->
<div id="block-block-3" class="block block-block">

  <h2 class="block-title">Otros materiales</h2>

<div class="content">
  <ul>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/995">Reflexiones teológicas</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/996">Reflexiones sociopolíticas</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/1000">Caso Jesuitas</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/998">Caso Jon Sobrino</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/997">Tutela Legal</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/1001">CELAM V</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/taxonomy/term/78">Laudato Si</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/taxonomy/term/60">Boletín del COR de Madrid</a></li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://latinoamericana.org"><img alt="Agenda latinoamericana" src="http://latinoamericana.org/images/2019Portada.jpg" style="width: 100px; height: 122px;" /></a></p>
<p><a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/node/1006">Prensa electrónica</a></p>
<p><a href="https://comitesromero.org/actual"><img alt="Nueva web" src="https://comitesromero.org/sicsal/NuevaWeb.png" style="width: 200px;" /></a></p>
</div> <!-- end block content -->
</div> <!-- end block -->
  </div>
      </div></div> <!-- end sidebar-second -->
    <div style="clear:both"></div>
</div> <!-- end wrapper -->




     <div style="clear:both"></div><!-- Do not touch -->
    <div id="bottom-wrapper" class="in2">
                              <div class="column B">
              <div class="region region-bottom-2">
    <div id="block-block-2" class="block block-block">

  <h2 class="block-title">Mons. Romero</h2>

<div class="content">
  <ul>
<li>
		<a href="https://comitesromero.org/actual/es/node/2">San Romero de América</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/taxonomy/term/37">Proceso de canonización</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="https://comitesromero.org/actual/es/node/6">Homilías de Mons. Óscar Romero</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="https://comitesromero.org/actual/es/node/7">Vídeos San Romero de América</a></li>
</ul>
</div> <!-- end block content -->
</div> <!-- end block -->
  </div>
          </div>
                              <div class="column C">
              <div class="region region-bottom-3">
    <div id="block-block-5" class="block block-block">

  <h2 class="block-title">Acciones y campañas</h2>

<div class="content">
  <ul>
<li>
		<a href="https://comitesromero.org/actual/es/node/4">Medellín + 50</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/taxonomy/term/81">Minería</a></li>
<li>
		<a href="http://sicsal.net/articulos2/taxonomy/term/82">Mujeres</a></li>
</ul>
</div> <!-- end block content -->
</div> <!-- end block -->
  </div>
          </div>
                          <div style="clear:both"></div>
    </div><!-- end bottom -->
    
<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div id="footer-wrapper">
</div> <!-- end footer wrapper -->

<div style="clear:both"></div>
<div id="notice"><p>Tema Danland para Drupal creado por <a href="http://www.danetsoft.com">Danetsoft</a> y <a href="http://www.danpros.com">Danang Probo Sayekti</a> inspirado en <a href="http://www.maksimer.no">Maksimer</a></p></div>
</div>
  </body>
</html>